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汇编语言的高级语言特性

王朝other·作者佚名  2008-06-01
窄屏简体版  字體: |||超大  

现在写汇编语言,就象写结构化的高级语言一样,非常的方便。不信?你看看下面写的小程序就知道啦,没有程序跳转,完全的结构化设计。最后还附有 Glow Glove 总结的小篇文章,供大家学习参考。

;-------------------------------------------------------

;例:计算一个数据的阶乘

;若结果较小,可放在 EAX 寄存器

;若结果较小,可放在 EDX:EAX 寄存器

;文件名:7.asm

.386

.model flat,stdcall

option casemap:none

include windows.inc

include masm32.inc

include kernel32.inc

include user32.inc

includelib masm32.lib

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib user32.lib

.data?

CharOut db 100 dup(?)

.code

OutEdxEax PROTO :DWord ;将EDX:EAX中的数据转换成十进制输出字符串形式!

OutEdxEax proc lpString ;比如:EDX=0,EAX=01234567H,则转换后的字符串为:

-> '19088743',0

mov edi,lpString ;指向存放结果的地址

mov esi,lpString

mov ecx,10 ;转换成十进制

.while eax!=0 || edx!=0

push eax

mov eax,edx

xor edx,edx

div ecx

mov ebx,eax

pop eax

div ecx

add dl,'0'

mov [edi],dl ;存放结果

inc edi

mov edx,ebx

.endw

mov BYTE ptr [edi],0;字符串以0为结尾

dec edi

.while edi>esi ;结果前变后,后变前!

mov al,[esi]

xchg al,[edi]

mov [esi],al

inc esi

dec edi

.endw

ret

OutEdxEax endp

start: ;程序开始

xor eax,eax ;存放结果的寄存器EDX:EAX=1

xor edx,edx

inc eax

mov ecx,20 ;计算20的阶乘。不能大于20,否则会溢出,结果将不再正确!

.while ecx>0

.if edx==0 ;结果在EAX中

mul ecx

.else ;结果在EDX:EAX中

push edx

mul ecx

pop ebx

push eax

push edx

mov eax,ecx

mul ebx

pop edx

add edx,eax

pop eax

.endif

dec ecx

.endw

.if edx==0 ;结果在EAX中

invoke dw2a,eax,addr CharOut

.else ;结果在EDX:EAX中

invoke OutEdxEax,addr CharOut ;用我们自己的程序转换!

.endif

invoke StdOut,addr CharOut ;控制台输出结果

invoke ExitProcess,NULL ;结束程序

end start

----------------------------------------------------------------

生成7.exe的具体操作过程

D:\MASM7>ml /coff /I include 7.asm /link /subsystem:console /libpath:lib

Microsoft (R) Macro Assembler Version 6.14.8444

Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1981-1997. All rights reserved.

Assembling: 7.asm

Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 5.12.8078

Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1992-1998. All rights reserved.

/subsystem:console /libpath:lib

"7.obj"

"/OUT:7.exe"

D:\MASM7>7

2432902008176640000

D:\MASM7>_

---------------------------------------------------------------------

用W32dasm反编译后的结果,大家可看看“汇编语言”是怎样翻译成“机器语言”的。

Program Entry Point = 00401042 (7.exe File Offset:00001642)

:00401000 55 push ebp

:00401001 8BEC mov ebp, esp

:00401003 8B7D08 mov edi, dword ptr [ebp+08]

:00401006 8B7508 mov esi, dword ptr [ebp+08]

:00401009 B90A000000 mov ecx, 0000000A

:0040100E EB14 jmp 00401024

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Addresses:

|:00401026(C), :0040102A(C)

|

:00401010 50 push eax

:00401011 8BC2 mov eax, edx

:00401013 33D2 xor edx, edx

:00401015 F7F1 div ecx

:00401017 8BD8 mov ebx, eax

:00401019 58 pop eax

:0040101A F7F1 div ecx

:0040101C 80C230 add dl, 30

:0040101F 8817 mov byte ptr [edi], dl

:00401021 47 inc edi

:00401022 8BD3 mov edx, ebx

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:0040100E(U)

|

:00401024 0BC0 or eax, eax

:00401026 75E8 jne 00401010

:00401028 0BD2 or edx, edx

:0040102A 75E4 jne 00401010

:0040102C C60700 mov byte ptr [edi], 00

:0040102F 4F dec edi

:00401030 EB08 jmp 0040103A

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:0040103C(C)

|

:00401032 8A06 mov al, byte ptr [esi]

:00401034 8607 xchg byte ptr [edi], al

:00401036 8806 mov byte ptr [esi], al

:00401038 46 inc esi

:00401039 4F dec edi

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:00401030(U)

|

:0040103A 3BFE cmp edi, esi

:0040103C 77F4 ja 00401032

:0040103E C9 leave

:0040103F C20400 ret 0004

//******************** Program Entry Point ********

:00401042 33C0 xor eax, eax

:00401044 33D2 xor edx, edx

:00401046 40 inc eax

:00401047 B914000000 mov ecx, 00000014

:0040104C EB17 jmp 00401065

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:00401068(C)

|

:0040104E 0BD2 or edx, edx

:00401050 7504 jne 00401056

:00401052 F7E1 mul ecx

:00401054 EB0E jmp 00401064

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:00401050(C)

|

:00401056 52 push edx

:00401057 F7E1 mul ecx

:00401059 5B pop ebx

:0040105A 50 push eax

:0040105B 52 push edx

:0040105C 8BC1 mov eax, ecx

:0040105E F7E3 mul ebx

:00401060 5A pop edx

:00401061 03D0 add edx, eax

:00401063 58 pop eax

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:00401054(U)

|

:00401064 49 dec ecx

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:0040104C(U)

|

:00401065 83F900 cmp ecx, 00000000

:00401068 77E4 ja 0040104E

:0040106A 0BD2 or edx, edx

:0040106C 750D jne 0040107B

:0040106E 6804304000 push 00403004

:00401073 50 push eax

:00401074 E81F000000 call 00401098

:00401079 EB0A jmp 00401085

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:0040106C(C)

|

:0040107B 6804304000 push 00403004

:00401080 E87BFFFFFF call 00401000

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:00401079(U)

|

:00401085 6804304000 push 00403004

:0040108A E825000000 call 004010B4

:0040108F 6A00 push 00000000

* Reference To: KERNEL32.ExitProcess, Ord:0075h

|

:00401091 E88E000000 Call 00401124

:00401096 CC int 03

:00401097 CC int 03

* Referenced by a CALL at Address:

|:00401074

|

:00401098 55 push ebp

:00401099 8BEC mov ebp, esp

:0040109B FF7508 push [ebp+08]

* Possible StringData Ref from Data Obj ->"%lu"

|

:0040109E 6800304000 push 00403000

:004010A3 FF750C push [ebp+0C]

* Reference To: USER32.wsprintfA, Ord:02A5h

|

:004010A6 E88B000000 Call 00401136

:004010AB 83C40C add esp, 0000000C

:004010AE C9 leave

:004010AF C20800 ret 0008

:004010B2 CC int 03

:004010B3 CC int 03

* Referenced by a CALL at Address:

|:0040108A

|

:004010B4 55 push ebp

:004010B5 8BEC mov ebp, esp

:004010B7 83C4F4 add esp, FFFFFFF4

:004010BA 6AF5 push FFFFFFF5

* Reference To: KERNEL32.GetStdHandle, Ord:013Dh

|

:004010BC E869000000 Call 0040112A

:004010C1 8945FC mov dword ptr [ebp-04], eax

:004010C4 FF7508 push [ebp+08]

:004010C7 E820000000 call 004010EC

:004010CC 8945F4 mov dword ptr [ebp-0C], eax

:004010CF 6A00 push 00000000

:004010D1 8D45F8 lea eax, dword ptr [ebp-08]

:004010D4 50 push eax

:004010D5 FF75F4 push [ebp-0C]

:004010D8 FF7508 push [ebp+08]

:004010DB FF75FC push [ebp-04]

* Reference To: KERNEL32.WriteFile, Ord:02B9h

|

:004010DE E84D000000 Call 00401130

:004010E3 8B45F8 mov eax, dword ptr [ebp-08]

:004010E6 C9 leave

:004010E7 C20400 ret 0004

:004010EA CC int 03

:004010EB CC int 03

* Referenced by a CALL at Address:

|:004010C7

|

:004010EC 55 push ebp

:004010ED 8BEC mov ebp, esp

:004010EF 53 push ebx

:004010F0 8B4508 mov eax, dword ptr [ebp+08]

:004010F3 8D5003 lea edx, dword ptr [eax+03]

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:0040110B(C)

|

:004010F6 8B18 mov ebx, dword ptr [eax]

:004010F8 83C004 add eax, 00000004

:004010FB 8D8BFFFEFEFE lea ecx, dword ptr [ebx+FEFEFEFF]

:00401101 F7D3 not ebx

:00401103 23CB and ecx, ebx

:00401105 81E180808080 and ecx, 80808080

:0040110B 74E9 je 004010F6

:0040110D F7C180800000 test ecx, 00008080

:00401113 7506 jne 0040111B

:00401115 C1E910 shr ecx, 10

:00401118 83C002 add eax, 00000002

* Referenced by a (U)nconditional or (C)onditional Jump at Address:

|:00401113(C)

|

:0040111B D0E1 shl cl, 1

:0040111D 1BC2 sbb eax, edx

:0040111F 5B pop ebx

:00401120 C9 leave

:00401121 C20400 ret 0004

* Referenced by a CALL at Address:

|:00401091

|

* Reference To: KERNEL32.ExitProcess, Ord:0075h

|

:00401124 FF2508204000 Jmp dword ptr [00402008]

* Referenced by a CALL at Address:

|:004010BC

|

* Reference To: KERNEL32.GetStdHandle, Ord:013Dh

|

:0040112A FF2500204000 Jmp dword ptr [00402000]

* Referenced by a CALL at Address:

|:004010DE

|

* Reference To: KERNEL32.WriteFile, Ord:02B9h

|

:00401130 FF2504204000 Jmp dword ptr [00402004]

* Reference To: USER32.wsprintfA, Ord:02A5h

|

:00401136 FF2510204000 Jmp dword ptr [00402010]

:0040113C 00000000000000000000 BYTE 10 DUP(0)

------------------------------------------------------------------

MASM 6.x 新增指令列表: Glow Glove 制 (请体谅小弟辛劳,勿消去)

MASM 6.x 推出以久,但市面上有关之书籍及资料却少得可怜,小弟当初接触

MASM 6.x 时,辛辛劳苦才找出资料的,为了那些後进不用踏著先烈的血迹前

扑後继,特将小弟「翻」出来的东东公布出来。

这些指令都是小弟从书上(厚颜无耻,在老板的白眼下辛劳抄下来的)

及MASM 6.0 之范例程式中翻出来的,若有遗落疏失,请包涵。

请体谅小弟之辛劳,勿将小弟的ID消去。

MASM 6.x与MASM 5.x最大不同,在於6.x 比5.x 更高阶化了(或说更PASCAL化),

其内提供了判定、回圈、模组化副程式等,各种令组合语言使用者望穿秋水之指

令,看完内容,请不要感动的痛哭流涕,或恨他为什麽不早点出来。

运算符号:

== : 等於 & : 位元测试

!= : 不等於 ! : 否 NOT

> : 大於 && : 且 AND

< : 小於 || : 或 OR

辅助运算符号:

ZERO? : ZERO ZF=1,ZR !ZERO? : NOT ZERO ZF=0,NZ

CARRY? : CARRY CF=1,CY !CARRY? : NOT CARRY CF=0,NC

OVERFLOW? : OVERFLOW,OV !OVERFLOW? : NOT OVERFLOW,NV

SIGN? : NEGATIVE,NG !SIGN? : PLUS,PL

PARITY? : PARITY EVEN,PE !PARITY? : PARITY ODD,PO

Examples:

.IF AX == 1 .REPEAT

.IF ZERO? .UNTIL ZERO?

.IF !(AX & 0Fh)

.IF AL=ESC || AL=CR

看到这些指令了吗? 是不是似曾相识,期待以久了。

判定式:

.IF

.

.ELSEIF

.

.ELSE

.

.ENDIF

.ELSEIF 及.ELSE 为非必要之动作,写过高阶语言的应该不难了解才对!

回圈指令:

(1) 前测式:

.WHILE

.

.

.ENDW

当条件成立,即执行回圈内,否则执行回圈後之动作

(2) 後测式:

1. .REPEAT

.

.

.UNTIL

or

2. .REPEAT

.

.

.UNTILCXZ

1. 回圈一直到条件成立即停止回圈

2. 同1 ,但加上判定CX是否为0 (OR的关系,即条件为真或CX==0)

辅助指令:

.BREAK

.COUNTINE

配合上述回圈指令运用

.BREAK 可中止回圈

.COUNTINE 可跳至回圈开头

可在其後加上叙述,叙述成立才动作

嗯! 愈看愈像PASCAL了

Examples:

.WHILE AX==1 || !ZERO? .REPEAT

. .

.ENDW .UNTIL (AX & 1)

.REPEAT

.

.BREAK .IF ZERO?

.

.COUNTINE

.

.UNTILCXZ (DX == 0)

引申:

上述之判定式及回圈,其实就是CMP XX,YY

Jxx xxxx,LOOPxx xxxx

之组合。

其内动作复杂,小弟写不出来 :~~( 请写过MASM 5.x的人自行

体会那种复杂的古老方式。

以上内容为:MASM 6.x 新增指令列表: Glow Glove 制 (请体谅小弟辛劳,勿消去)

 
 
 
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